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Pattern is not one historical tradition. These bounded references show how geometry, material, production and design history change what a pattern can mean.
The Met describes geometric pattern as a major nonfigural decorative mode across Islamic art and many object types. Use this as context, not permission to label any geometric pattern “Islamic.”
Open institutional reference →The Met learning publication supports vocabulary for repeated elements, grids and geometric construction.
Open institutional reference →The V&A traces wallpaper and textile pattern around and after William Morris, making material and production history visible alongside motif.
Open institutional reference →The V&A textile material shows how repeat design interacts with dyes, printing and manufacture.
Open institutional reference →IUCr provides the 17 plane groups used to classify periodic plane symmetry. This is mathematical classification, not cultural taxonomy.
Open institutional reference →