Adam
First human figure drawn from biblical tradition and prominently rescued by Christ in Late Byzantine Anastasis imagery.
AdamAnastasisresurrection
Explore →Sacred persons and historical actors
One figure can open many visual traditions.
BIU014 deepens the sacred-figure graph with source-backed saints, archangels, donors, professional attributes, and object-specific uncertainty rather than generic saint-name expansion.
Apostle Thomas
Apostle central to the Incredulity of Thomas scene, in which the risen Christ invites him to witness the wounds.
apostleThomasresurrection
Explore →Archangel Gabriel
Archangel represented in Byzantine art and the original central image around which a surviving group of cloisonné icon-frame medallions was arranged.
archangelGabrielicon frame
Explore →Archangel Michael
An angelic figure with extensive Byzantine visual traditions; BIU001 records the entity without asserting a single fixed attribute set.
figureangel
Explore →Archangel Raphael
Archangel Raphael as explicitly named on the back of the Met processional cross, paired within its ensemble of archangels and saints.
archangelprocessional cross
Explore →Archangel Uriel
Archangel Uriel as explicitly named on the back of the Met processional cross.
archangelprocessional cross
Explore →Bishop Leo
The bishop named by the Greek inscription as donor of the Met processional cross; BIU does not infer a fuller biography from this inscription alone.
bishopdonorvotive inscription
Explore →Christ
Central sacred figure represented through multiple Byzantine iconographic types and narrative scenes.
figureChrist
Explore →Emperor Constantine V
Emperor firmly identified with Iconoclasm who argued against icons, convened the Council of Hieria in 754, and sponsored major building activity including Hagia Eirene.
emperorConstantine VHieriaIconoclasm
Explore →Emperor Justinian I
Sixth-century emperor represented in the mosaics of San Vitale and associated with major building and artistic patronage across the Byzantine world.
emperorJustinianRavennaSinai
Explore →Emperor Justinian II
Emperor whose late-seventh-century coinage placed an image of Christ on imperial gold, an important sign of the growing public role of sacred images before Iconoclasm.
emperor692–695coinageChrist
Explore →Emperor Leo III
Emperor traditionally associated with the beginning of Byzantine Iconoclasm; modern scholarship treats the famous 726/730 Chalke icon-removal story with caution because direct evidence is weak.
emperorLeo IIIIconoclasm720s
Explore →Emperor Leo V
Emperor who renewed the imperial ban on religious images in 815, beginning the second phase of Byzantine Iconoclasm.
emperorLeo V815Iconoclasm
Explore →Emperor Theophilos
Ninth-century iconoclast emperor whose reign belonged to the second phase of Iconoclasm; he also patronized architecture and palace decoration.
emperorTheophilosIconoclasm842
Explore →Empress Irene
Empress who convened the pro-image Second Council of Nicaea in 787, reversing the iconoclast Council of Hieria.
empressIreneNicaea II787
Explore →Empress Theodora
Empress represented with her court in the sanctuary mosaics of San Vitale at Ravenna.
empressTheodoraRavenna
Explore →Empress Theodora (9th century)
Regent for the young Michael III who, with Theoktistos, installed the iconophile patriarch Methodios and restored religious images in 843.
empressTheodora843restoration
Explore →Eve
First woman in biblical tradition and prominently rescued with Adam in Late Byzantine Anastasis imagery.
EveAnastasisresurrection
Explore →Ignatios the Younger
Ninth-century patriarch represented among the holy figures in Hagia Sophia’s post-Iconoclast tympanum mosaics and associated with defense of images.
patriarchIgnatiosHagia Sophiapost-Iconoclasm
Explore →John of Damascus
Theologian and defender of images whose iconophile argument linked the depictability of Christ to the Incarnation.
theologianiconophileIconoclasm
Explore →John the Forerunner
John the Baptist, represented as an intercessor with Christ and the Virgin in the Deesis.
figureJohn the BaptistDeesis
Explore →Patriarch Methodios I
Iconophile patriarch installed in Constantinople in 843 as religious images were restored after the second Iconoclast phase.
patriarchMethodios843iconophile
Explore →Patriarch Niketas
Patriarch associated in primary-source testimony with the removal of mosaics of Christ and saints from the small sekreton near Hagia Sophia between 766 and 769.
patriarchNiketas766–769sekreton
Explore →Patriarch Photios
Patriarch of Constantinople who preached at Hagia Sophia in 867 in connection with the post-Iconoclast apse mosaic of the Virgin and Child.
patriarchPhotios867Hagia Sophia
Explore →Prochoros
The scribe shown receiving dictation from Saint John the Theologian on the early-fifteenth-century Met door panels.
scribeJohn the TheologianPatmos
Explore →Saint Demetrios
Military saint whose surviving Byzantine images help document the post-Iconoclastic development of recognizable saint types.
military saintmartyrDemetrios
Explore →Saint George
Military martyr represented in Byzantine icons; post-Iconoclastic imagery regularly presents soldier saints in military garb.
military saintmartyrGeorge
Explore →Saint John Chrysostom
A bishop saint whose surviving Byzantine icon imagery can combine inscription, halo, book, omophorion, frontal pose, and steady gaze; those clues work together rather than as a single unique marker.
bishop saintomophorionbookhalo
Explore →Saint John the Theologian
Evangelist and theologian represented in Byzantine icon frames and manuscript traditions.
evangelistJohntheologian
Explore →Saint Luke
Evangelist represented in manuscripts and icon frames; later tradition also associated Luke with the Hodegetria image.
evangelistLukeHodegetriamanuscript
Explore →Saint Matthew
Evangelist represented within Byzantine hierarchies of apostles, evangelists, theologians and military saints.
evangelistMatthewGospel
Explore →Saint Nicholas
A major saint of Byzantine devotion; BIU001 establishes only the entity shell pending a dedicated sourced profile.
figuresaint
Explore →Saint Panteleimon
A Byzantine saint securely identified on a twelfth-century cloisonné-enamel roundel in the Met; BIU014 does not infer further attributes beyond the verified object record.
saintPanteleimonenamel
Explore →Saint Paul
Apostle represented in Byzantine icon frames and among the apostolic witnesses in Koimesis imagery.
apostlePaulKoimesis
Explore →Saint Peter
Apostle frequently represented with Paul and within narrative cycles; in Koimesis imagery Peter appears among the apostles witnessing the Virgin’s death.
apostlePeterKoimesis
Explore →Saint Stephen (Deacon)
A deacon saint whom the Met identifies as likely Saint Stephen on the Attarouthi chalice; the identification remains qualified rather than certain.
saintdeaconcenserAttarouthi
Explore →Saint Thalelaios
A late-third-century physician martyr identified on the back of a Middle Byzantine processional cross with a medical case and lancet.
saintphysicianmartyrmedical
Explore →Saint Theodore
Soldier saint represented beside the Virgin and Child in an early encaustic icon preserved at Sinai.
military saintmartyrTheodoreSinai
Explore →Theodore Metochites
Late Byzantine statesman, scholar and donor shown presenting the renovated Chora church to Christ in a prominent donor mosaic.
donorpatronChoraLate Byzantine
Explore →Theodore the Stoudite
Abbot of the Stoudios Monastery who wrote in defense of icons during the second phase of Iconoclasm.
monkStoudiosiconophile815–843
Explore →Theoktistos
Imperial official and regent who acted with Empress Theodora in the 843 restoration of religious images.
regentTheoktistos843restoration
Explore →Virgin Mary
Central sacred figure represented alone, with Christ, and in intercessory and narrative compositions.
figureVirginMary
Explore →Discovery Engine
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